If you’ve come across the term “carpincho” and wondered whether it refers to a different species from the well-known capybara, you’re not alone. These large, semi-aquatic rodents are famous for their social behaviour and calm temperament, but their name can vary depending on the region.
So, are carpinchos different than capybaras? The short answer is no—they are the same animal. However, the term “carpincho” is more commonly used in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, while “capybara” is the internationally recognised English name, derived from the Tupi-Guarani word kapi’yva. In this article, we’ll explore the origins of these names, regional differences in how people perceive them, and any potential variations in behaviour or habitat.
What Is a Carpincho?
The word "carpincho" is used in South American Spanish, especially in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, to refer to the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). In these countries, carpinchos are a common sight in wetlands, rivers, and lakes, where they thrive in large social groups.
Although the name is different, carpinchos and capybaras are biologically identical. They belong to the same species, share the same physical characteristics, and exhibit the same behaviours.
What Is a Capybara?
The term "capybara" is used in English-speaking countries, as well as in Brazil, where the Portuguese term is capivara. The name comes from the Tupi-Guarani language, spoken by Indigenous peoples in South America, and roughly translates to “grass eater.”
Capybaras are the world’s largest rodents, closely related to guinea pigs, chinchillas, and rock cavies. They are herbivorous, semi-aquatic mammals that live in groups near bodies of water, relying on their webbed feet and excellent swimming abilities for survival.
While "capybara" is the more widely used term in scientific and international discussions, "carpincho" remains the preferred name in certain Spanish-speaking regions.
Why Do Some People Think Carpinchos Are Different?
Despite being the same species, some cultural and regional differences have led to the misconception that carpinchos and capybaras are different animals. Here are a few reasons why:
1. Differences in Regional Terminology
In Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay, people refer to these animals as carpinchos, while in Brazil, North America, and Europe, they are known as capybaras.
In some cases, locals may believe they are discussing two distinct animals simply because of language differences.
2. Slight Variations in Appearance
Capybaras (or carpinchos) can vary slightly in size, fur colour, and weight, depending on their environment and diet.
Those in Argentina and Uruguay may appear slightly larger or have thicker fur due to colder climates in some areas.
These differences are not enough to classify them as separate species, but they may contribute to the idea that carpinchos are a different type of capybara.
3. Human Interaction and Perception
In Argentina and Uruguay, carpinchos are sometimes viewed as pests by farmers because they graze on crops and can damage farmland.
In North America and Europe, capybaras are often portrayed as adorable, friendly animals that get along with other species.
These differing perceptions may make people think they are separate species, when in reality, they are the same.
Do Carpinchos and Capybaras Have Different Behaviour?
Since they are the same species, carpinchos and capybaras exhibit identical behaviours. However, depending on their habitat, human interaction, and environmental conditions, some slight behavioural differences may be observed:
Social Structure: In both cases, capybaras (or carpinchos) live in large groups, usually consisting of 10 to 20 individuals, although groups of up to 100 have been recorded in regions with abundant food and water.
Swimming and Aquatic Behaviour: Whether they are called carpinchos or capybaras, these rodents rely heavily on water for safety, thermoregulation, and hydration.
Diet: Both eat a herbivorous diet, consisting mainly of grasses, aquatic plants, fruits, and tree bark.
Interaction with Predators: Jaguars, caimans, and anacondas prey on both carpinchos and capybaras, regardless of what they are called in different regions.
Are There Different Species of Capybaras?
There is only one species of capybara: Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris. However, there is a smaller, lesser-known relative known as the lesser capybara (Hydrochoerus isthmius), which is found in parts of Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela.
Lesser Capybara vs. Common Capybara (Carpincho)
Feature | Common Capybara (Carpincho) | Lesser Capybara |
Scientific Name | Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris | Hydrochoerus isthmius |
Size | 35-66 kg (77-146 lbs) | 28-40 kg (62-88 lbs) |
Height | 50-62 cm (20-24 in) | 40-50 cm (16-20 in) |
Range | South America | Panama, Colombia, Venezuela |
Group Size | Large social groups | Smaller groups |
While Hydrochoerus isthmius is a distinct species, it is not what people mean when they say "carpincho." The term carpincho always refers to the common capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris).
Final Verdict: Are Carpinchos Different Than Capybaras?
No, carpinchos and capybaras are the same animal. The difference is purely linguistic and regional. In Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay, people call them carpinchos, while in English-speaking countries and Brazil, they are referred to as capybaras.
Despite some minor variations in fur thickness, size, and human perception, they belong to the same species and share identical characteristics, behaviours, and habitats. Whether you call them carpinchos or capybaras, these incredible rodents remain one of the most fascinating and beloved animals in the world.
Comments